Archive for the ‘Hypertension Studies’ Category

Why is it important to lower blood pressure?

Monday, June 15th, 2009

According to the American Heart Association, high blood pressure is the number 1 modifiable risk factor for stroke and approximately 21.3.% of people with hypertension do not know they have the condition. It can lead to a plethora of health problems such as heart attack, stroke, vascular dementia, angina, heart failure, kidney failure, peripheral arterial disease, aneurysm and it can even make blood vessels in the eyes burst or bleed.
High blood pressure facts:

  • In 2005, high blood pressure was reported as a primary or contributing cause of death for 319,000 Americans.
  • It is estimated that nearly 1 in every 3 Americans has high blood pressure and that nearly one billion people are affected worldwide.
  • Approximately 90% of middle-age adults are expected to develop high blood pressure during their lifetime.
  • It is estimated that a 2mmHg decrease in systolic blood pressure in the population would result in a 6% reduction in mortality from stroke, 4% from coronary heart disease and a 3% decrease in overall mortality.

In patients with high blood pressure, the heart often has to work extra hard to produce adequate blood flow and this increase in stress on the heart can cause it to enlarge over time. The added pressure on the artery walls can also cause damage to the endothelium making it easier for plaque and cholesterol to build up and narrow the artery. High blood pressure is especially dangerous because most of the time is has no symptoms, earning it the nickname of “The Silent Killer”.
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Weight Loss to Lower Blood Pressure Naturally

Wednesday, June 3rd, 2009

If you are carrying a few extra pounds, weight loss may be an excellent way to lower your blood pressure naturally. According to the Surgeon General, high blood pressure is twice as common in obese individuals when compared to those at a healthy weight. Research also shows that when overweight persons drop their weight by 10 pounds it can not only naturally lower their blood pressure but can cut their chances of becoming hypertensive by almost half. The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC7) estimates that by achieving a normal BMI you can expect to see a 5-20 point drop in systolic blood pressure.

Here are some great ways you can lose weight and maybe even lower your blood pressure naturally!

DASH Diet (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension)
Endorsed by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) , the DASH diet calls for a reduction in red meats, sodium, sweets and artificial sugars, and emphasizes fruits and vegetables as well as potassium, magnesium, calcium and a whole host of heart healthy foods. Simply following the DASH diet without weight loss has been proven to lower blood pressure and reduce the risk of heart failure; however, using the DASH diet to count calories can help your lose weight too- making it extra valuable in the fight against hypertension! The complete diet can be found here.

Aerobic Exercise
The JNC7 recommends at least 30 minutes of aerobic exercise, such as brisk walking, be performed at least 4 times a week for an average drop in blood pressure of 4-9mmHg systolic . If you weigh 150 pounds, walking 2 miles in 30 minutes will burn roughly 175 calories.

Always get your physicians approval before beginning any exercise program!

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Lifetime Risk of Developing High Blood Pressure is 90%!

Wednesday, June 3rd, 2009

A major study published in The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) was able to conclude that 9 out of 10 middle-aged and older US adults are likely to develop high blood pressure over their remaining lifetime. The researchers also found that the lifetime probability of receiving antihypertensive medication was 60%.

Researchers emphasized that it is widely accepted that hypertension can be avoided with appropriate lifestyle changes. The study authors also wrote,

The approach of waiting for hypertension to develop and only then treating the elevated blood pressure is injudicious. As articulated by Stamler, such a strategy is “late, defensive, reactive, time consuming, associated with side effects, costly, only partially successful, and endless.”

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DASH Diet Lowers Blood Pressure Naturally and Reduces Women’s Risk of Heart Failure

Tuesday, May 26th, 2009

A major study reviewed the diets of over 36,000 women for 7 years and they discovered an apparent correlation between a diet designed to lower blood pressure and heart failure.

The women in the study were between 48 and 83 years old and at the beginning of the study did not have a history of heart failure, diabetes mellitus or myocardial infarction. Using food-frequency questionnaires, the researchers compared participant’s diets to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet guidelines. After adjusting for variables such as age and socioeconomic background, they discovered that the women whose diet most closely resembled the DASH diet had a significantly lower risk of heart failure.

When they compared the quarter of women whose diets were the furthest from the DASH guidelines, to the quarter whose diets were the closest to the DASH diet, they found that the 25% of women whose diets most resembled the DASH guidelines saw a 37% reduction in their risk of heart failure. Upon further analysis, the researchers found that the 10% of women whose diet was most like the DASH diet saw a full 50% decrease in their risk of heart failure.
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Common Virus Tied to High Blood Pressure

Thursday, May 21st, 2009

A common virus, usually devoid of symptoms, may play a role in hypertension according to a new study published in the peer-reviewed journal PLoS Pathogens.

The Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection infects between 50% and 80% of US adults by the time they are 40 years old and can cause serious illnesses, primarily in infants, although most people who have it never show any symptoms. However, researchers have found evidence that CMV causes an increase in rennin and angiotensin II, and when combined with a high cholesterol diet causes atherosclerotic plaque formation, which are all known to increase blood pressure.

“Increased expression of both renin and angiotensin II are important factors in hypertension in humans,” Dr. Crumpacker, one of the lead researchers. “What our study seems to indicate is that a persistent viral infection in the vessels’ endothelial cells is leading to increased expression of inflammatory cytokines, renin and angiotensin II, which are leading to increased blood pressure.”

The research indicates that antivirus treatments may be helpful in treating hypertension, although more research is needed.
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Green and Black Tea May Reduce Stroke Risk

Monday, May 18th, 2009

New research suggests that drinking at least three cups of either black or green tea made from the Camellia sinensis plant may significantly reduce the risk of ischemic stroke. Individuals with high blood pressure are prime candidates for ischemic stroke.

Researchers at UCLA conducted a meta-analysis in which they reviewed nine published studies involving almost 195,000 participants. The data indicated that there was a statistically significant decrease of 21% in stroke risk when participants drank three cups daily of black or green tea, and if the participant drank yet another 3 cups their risk of ischemic stroke decreased yet another 21%. A randomized clinical trial is the next step to confirming their findings.

While the exact reason for this relationship is unknown, researchers hypothesize that antioxidant epigallocatechin gallate or the amino acid theanine may be responsible for the decrease in risk. Theanine is a remarkable amino acid that may block the glutamate receptor in the brain, and since glutamate is known to be associated with stroke, this action could be contributing to the observed decrease in stroke risk.
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Exercising for a Healthy Heart and Lower Blood Pressure

Wednesday, May 13th, 2009

New research shows that people in cardiac rehabilitation who are overweight benefit the most from long slow walks, not short brisk exercise as previously thought.

Seventy-four individuals enrolled in a cardiac rehabilitation program. They were all overweight, had coronary heart disease and were randomly assigned to either a standard rehab exercise program or a program designed to burn about four times as many calories. The standard rehabilitation exercise included 25-40 minutes of brisk walking, biking or rowing three days a week for a total of about 700-800 calories burned per week. The new regiment required 45-60 minutes of slower walking five days a week for a total of about 3,000-3,500 calories burned per week. After only five months, those on the new long walk exercise plan had greater improvement in their insulin sensitivity, cholesterol, blood pressure and cardio as well as respiratory fitness than those in the standard rehabilitation exercise program. They also found that those on the new exercise plan also lost an average of 18 pounds, 13 pounds of body fat and 2.7 inches from their waistline, whereas those on the standard plan only lost 8 pounds, 6 pounds of body fat and 2 inches from their waistline.

“However you lose weight is good for heart patients and should reduce their risk,” said the study’s lead researcher Dr. Philip A. Ades, a professor of medicine and director of cardiac rehabilitation and prevention at the University of Vermont College of Medicine, to HealthDay Reporter, “But don’t forget the exercise. It’s a big part of how to lose weight. Walking daily, walking far, really made a big difference in reducing cardiac risk.”

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Lead May Cause High Blood Pressure

Tuesday, May 12th, 2009

Research indicates that even low levels of lead exposure can cause high blood pressure and other cardiovascular diseases as well as an array of other health problems.

A systematic review of lead exposure and cardiovascular disease was conducted in March of 2007. The study’s authors concluded, “…that the evidence is sufficient to infer a causal relationship of lead exposure with hypertension.” Alarmingly, this association was observed in those with blood lead levels at less than 5 micrograms per deciliter; traditionally medical professionals have not been concerned until it reaches 10 micrograms per deciliter in children.

Later in 2007, another study found that lead exposure (measured as a cumulative build up of lead in bones) and stress seemed to work hand in hand to raise systolic blood pressure in older adult males. And another study is believed to have found a link between bone loss and high blood pressure in post-menopausal women. It would appear that the lead stored in bones can leak back into the bloodstream as aging bones start to thin and the women in the study who averaged 6.4 micrograms per deciliter of lead in the blood were 40% more likely to have high blood pressure than those with about 1 microgram per deciliter.

It is believed that lead may cause high blood pressure by over stimulating the sympathetic nervous system and reducing the body’s production of a hormone called aldosterone.

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Calcium May Help Lower Blood Pressure Naturally

Thursday, May 7th, 2009

Research indicates that calcium, the most abundant mineral in the human body, may play a crucial role in blood vessel dilatation and constriction. There is evidence which suggests calcium may inhibit the sympathetic nervous system and may improve the vascular smooth muscle membrane in cells, thereby possibly leading to lower blood pressure.

According a medical review published in the journal Hypertension, “More than 80 studies have reported lowered blood pressure after dietary calcium enrichment in experimental models of hypertension” (see http://hyper.ahajournals.org/cgi/reprint/23/4/513). The drop in blood pressure due to calcium varies significantly, with studies reporting blood pressure reductions of not even one full point to as much as 9% systolic, with calcium yeast leading to an almost 6 point diastolic drop.
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Drug Related ER Visits in Canada

Wednesday, April 29th, 2009

Ever wondered if the medications you take could hurt you more than they help? Need a few more reasons to look into natural ways to lower your blood pressure? If so, a report published in Canada may give you the extra motivation you need!

The study, published in June of 2008, tracked over 1,000 patients for 12 weeks and recorded both the number and reason for any emergency room visits. Researchers discovered a remarkably high incidence of medical drug related emergency room visits.

They found that more than 1 in 9 ER visits were because of drug-related adverse events, and of those nearly 40% were attributed to adverse drug reactions, about 28% to nonadherence and over 11% were because the wrong or suboptimal drug was being used. Patients were also more than twice as likely to be admitted to the hospital if their ER visit was drug related and their hospital stay was also almost 50% longer. Diuretics, ACE Inhibitors, ARBs, Beta blockers and other cardiovascular agents were associated with close to 13% of the drug-related ER visits.

For more information, visit http://ecmaj.com/cgi/content/full/178/12/1563#R2-19. The study is titled “Incidence, severity and preventability of medication-related visits to the emergency department: a prospective study” and was published in the Canadian Medical Association Journal June 3, 2008; 178 (12). doi:10.1503/cmaj.071594.